Autoresearch: Autonomous LLM Training Optimization

Source: https://github.com/karpathy/autoresearch Author: Andrej Karpathy Date: 2025

Summary

Framework for AI agents to autonomously optimize LLM training overnight. Agent modifies train.py, runs 5-minute training experiments, checks validation metric (bits per byte), keeps or discards changes, and repeats. ~12 experiments per hour. Human authors program.md to guide research strategy.

Architecture

  • prepare.py — data prep (unchanging)
  • train.py — the single modifiable file (model, optimizer, training loop)
  • program.md — human-authored instructions guiding agent modifications

Key Claims

  • Fixed 5-minute time budget per experiment — hardware-agnostic, reproducible
  • ~12 experiments/hour with autonomous iteration
  • Human sets research direction via program.md; agent handles experimentation
  • Metric: validation bits per byte (hardware-agnostic)
  • Division of labor: human = strategy, agent = optimization

Connection to Other Sources

Direct implementation of SkyPilot’s autonomous research and Autonomous Research concept. Karpathy’s minimal reference implementation.

Entities

Concepts